Product Name: Amygdalin
Synonyms: d(-)-mandelonitrile-beta-d-gentiobioside;mandelonitrile-beta-gentiobioside;nsc-15780;rile;BENZENEACETONITRILE-[(6-O-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSYL-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSYL)OXY]-, (R)-;D(-)-AMYGDALIN;D-AMYGDALIN;D-AMYGDALIN HYDRATE
CAS: 29883-15-6
MF: C20H27NO11
MW: 457.43
EINECS: 249-925-3
Product Categories: Nutritional Ingredients;Herb extract;chemical reagent;pharmaceutical intermediate;phytochemical;reference standards from Chinese medicinal herbs (TCM).;standardized herbal extract;Miscellaneous Natural Products;Biochemistry;Disaccharides;Glycosides;Sugars;Natural Plant Extract;natural product;Inhibitors;organic acids
Mol File: 29883-15-6.mol

Amygdalin Chemical Properties
Melting point  223-226 °C(lit.)
alpha  -38.5 º (c=4, H2O)
Boiling point  563.27°C (rough estimate)
density  1.4474 (rough estimate)
refractive index  -40 ° (C=2, H2O)
storage temp.  -20°C
solubility  H2O: 0.1 g/mL hot, clear to very faintly turbid, colorless
pka 12.69±0.70(Predicted)
form  Powder
color  White to Off-white
optical activity [α]20/D 39±2°, c = 2% in H2O
Water Solubility  83 g/L (25 ºC)
Merck  14,597
BRN  66856
InChIKey XUCIJNAGGSZNQT-SWRVSKMJSA-N
CAS DataBase Reference 29883-15-6(CAS DataBase Reference)
Safety Information
Hazard Codes  Xn
Risk Statements  22
Safety Statements  26-36/37/39-45-24/25
RIDADR  2811
WGK Germany  3
RTECS  OO8450000
F  10-21
HazardClass  6.1(b)
PackingGroup  III
HS Code  29389090
Hazardous Substances Data 29883-15-6(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxicity LD50 orl-rat: 522 mg/kg WJMDA2 134,97,81

Amygdalin Usage And Synthesis
Uses and Synthetic Methods of Amygdalin Amygdalin is a β-cyano-glycoside in the bitter almond that is bound to cyano (CN), which releases free cyano groups after eating the bitter almond, so that the food is poisoned. Amygdalin is a product of the metabolism of phenylalanine in the bitter almond. Amygdalin has β-glucosidase and amygdalinase (oxynitrilase): the former catalyzed amygdalin into two molecules of glucose and one molecule of amygdalenone through hydrolysis; the later catalyzes mandelonitrile into almond nitrile cyanide (HCN) and benzaldehyde through hydrolysis. Amygdalin exists in seeds, such as almonds.
Many plant root cells contain glycosides, with no toxic effect when in sugar type. Glycosides hydrolysis produce toxic substances leading to cell death. Mandelic glycosides contained in peach root is a glycoside. Amylose hydrolysis produce two kinds of plant toxins-hydrogen cyanide and benzaldehyde. Peeling root lesion formation and necrosis occurred in the vicinity of the stabbed nematode but not in contact zone; in addition, in vitro tests have proved that the pratylenchus penetrans can make amygdalin hydrolysis.
As a cyanide containing glucoside, it can be used as a substrate for such as maltase, almond casein and β-glucosidase identification, differentiation and characterization.
Category Toxic substances
Toxicity classification Highly toxic
Acute toxicity Acute toxicity Oral-Rat LD50: 522 mg/kg; Oral-mouse LD50: 443 mg/kg
Flammability Hazardous properties Combustible; producing toxic nitrogen oxides when heated.
Storage and transportation Ventilation, low temperature, drying
Fire extinguishing agent Dry powder, foam, sand, carbon dioxide
Chemical Properties WHITE FINE CRYSTALLINE POWDER
Uses antiinflammatory, experimental antineoplastic
Definition ChEBI: An amygdalin in which the stereocentre on the cyanohydrin function has R-configuration.
World Health Organization (WHO) Laetrile, which consists mainly of amydgalin, a glycoside extracted from the kernels of apricots, peaches and other fruits, has been available for over 30 years in preparations purporting to be beneficial in the treatment of cancer. Although there is no evidence that these are efficacious, preparations continued to be widely used and, until the late 1970s, they were considered to be harmless. However, oral dosage forms, which may be broken down in the gut to hydrogen cyanide, have subsequently been shown to be potentially lethal. This has resulted in restrictive regulatory measures in several countries.
Safety Profile Human poison by ingestion(infant data). Poison experimentally by ingestion. Anexperimental teratogen. Mutation data reported. Whenheated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx.

Product Name: Amygdalin
Synonyms: d(-)-mandelonitrile-beta-d-gentiobioside;mandelonitrile-beta-gentiobioside;nsc-15780;rile;BENZENEACETONITRILE-[(6-O-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSYL-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSYL)OXY]-, (R)-;D(-)-AMYGDALIN;D-AMYGDALIN;D-AMYGDALIN HYDRATE
CAS: 29883-15-6
MF: C20H27NO11
MW: 457.43
EINECS: 249-925-3
Product Categories: Nutritional Ingredients;Herb extract;chemical reagent;pharmaceutical intermediate;phytochemical;reference standards from Chinese medicinal herbs (TCM).;standardized herbal extract;Miscellaneous Natural Products;Biochemistry;Disaccharides;Glycosides;Sugars;Natural Plant Extract;natural product;Inhibitors;organic acids
Mol File: 29883-15-6.mol

Amygdalin Chemical Properties
Melting point  223-226 °C(lit.)
alpha  -38.5 º (c=4, H2O)
Boiling point  563.27°C (rough estimate)
density  1.4474 (rough estimate)
refractive index  -40 ° (C=2, H2O)
storage temp.  -20°C
solubility  H2O: 0.1 g/mL hot, clear to very faintly turbid, colorless
pka 12.69±0.70(Predicted)
form  Powder
color  White to Off-white
optical activity [α]20/D 39±2°, c = 2% in H2O
Water Solubility  83 g/L (25 ºC)
Merck  14,597
BRN  66856
InChIKey XUCIJNAGGSZNQT-SWRVSKMJSA-N
CAS DataBase Reference 29883-15-6(CAS DataBase Reference)
Safety Information
Hazard Codes  Xn
Risk Statements  22
Safety Statements  26-36/37/39-45-24/25
RIDADR  2811
WGK Germany  3
RTECS  OO8450000
F  10-21
HazardClass  6.1(b)
PackingGroup  III
HS Code  29389090
Hazardous Substances Data 29883-15-6(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxicity LD50 orl-rat: 522 mg/kg WJMDA2 134,97,81

Amygdalin Usage And Synthesis
Uses and Synthetic Methods of Amygdalin Amygdalin is a β-cyano-glycoside in the bitter almond that is bound to cyano (CN), which releases free cyano groups after eating the bitter almond, so that the food is poisoned. Amygdalin is a product of the metabolism of phenylalanine in the bitter almond. Amygdalin has β-glucosidase and amygdalinase (oxynitrilase): the former catalyzed amygdalin into two molecules of glucose and one molecule of amygdalenone through hydrolysis; the later catalyzes mandelonitrile into almond nitrile cyanide (HCN) and benzaldehyde through hydrolysis. Amygdalin exists in seeds, such as almonds.
Many plant root cells contain glycosides, with no toxic effect when in sugar type. Glycosides hydrolysis produce toxic substances leading to cell death. Mandelic glycosides contained in peach root is a glycoside. Amylose hydrolysis produce two kinds of plant toxins-hydrogen cyanide and benzaldehyde. Peeling root lesion formation and necrosis occurred in the vicinity of the stabbed nematode but not in contact zone; in addition, in vitro tests have proved that the pratylenchus penetrans can make amygdalin hydrolysis.
As a cyanide containing glucoside, it can be used as a substrate for such as maltase, almond casein and β-glucosidase identification, differentiation and characterization.
Category Toxic substances
Toxicity classification Highly toxic
Acute toxicity Acute toxicity Oral-Rat LD50: 522 mg/kg; Oral-mouse LD50: 443 mg/kg
Flammability Hazardous properties Combustible; producing toxic nitrogen oxides when heated.
Storage and transportation Ventilation, low temperature, drying
Fire extinguishing agent Dry powder, foam, sand, carbon dioxide
Chemical Properties WHITE FINE CRYSTALLINE POWDER
Uses antiinflammatory, experimental antineoplastic
Definition ChEBI: An amygdalin in which the stereocentre on the cyanohydrin function has R-configuration.
World Health Organization (WHO) Laetrile, which consists mainly of amydgalin, a glycoside extracted from the kernels of apricots, peaches and other fruits, has been available for over 30 years in preparations purporting to be beneficial in the treatment of cancer. Although there is no evidence that these are efficacious, preparations continued to be widely used and, until the late 1970s, they were considered to be harmless. However, oral dosage forms, which may be broken down in the gut to hydrogen cyanide, have subsequently been shown to be potentially lethal. This has resulted in restrictive regulatory measures in several countries.
Safety Profile Human poison by ingestion(infant data). Poison experimentally by ingestion. Anexperimental teratogen. Mutation data reported. Whenheated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx.